O nás     Inzerce     KontaktSpolehlivé informace o IT již od roku 2011
Hledat
Nepřehlédněte: Nejlepší IT: Pozoruhodné IT produkty pro rok 2024 podruhé
Správa dokumentů
Digitální transformace
Informační systémy
Hlavní rubriky: Informační systémy, Mobilní technologie, Datová centra, Sítě, IT bezpečnost, Software, Hardware, Zkušenosti a názory, Speciály

Pozoruhodné IT produkty 2024 podruhé
E-knihy o IT zdarma
Manuál Linux
[Linux manuál]

getpwuid, getpwuid_r: prohledat databázi uživatelů pro ID uživatele

Originální popis anglicky: getpwuid, getpwuid_r - search user database for a user ID

Návod, kniha: POSIX Programmer's Manual

STRUČNĚ

#include <pwd.h>
 
 
struct passwd *getpwuid(uid_t uid);
 
int getpwuid_r(uid_t uid, struct passwd *pwd, char *buffer,
 
       size_t bufsize, struct passwd **result);
 

POPIS / INSTRUKCE

The getpwuid() function shall search the user database for an entry with a matching uid.
The getpwuid() function need not be reentrant. A function that is not required to be reentrant is not required to be thread-safe.
Applications wishing to check for error situations should set errno to 0 before calling getpwuid(). If getpwuid() returns a null pointer and errno is set to non-zero, an error occurred.
The getpwuid_r() function shall update the passwd structure pointed to by pwd and store a pointer to that structure at the location pointed to by result. The structure shall contain an entry from the user database with a matching uid. Storage referenced by the structure is allocated from the memory provided with the buffer parameter, which is bufsize bytes in size. The maximum size needed for this buffer can be determined with the {_SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX} sysconf() parameter. A NULL pointer shall be returned at the location pointed to by result on error or if the requested entry is not found.

NÁVRATOVÁ HODNOTA

The getpwuid() function shall return a pointer to a struct passwd with the structure as defined in <pwd.h> with a matching entry if found. A null pointer shall be returned if the requested entry is not found, or an error occurs. On error, errno shall be set to indicate the error.
The return value may point to a static area which is overwritten by a subsequent call to getpwent(), getpwnam(), or getpwuid().
If successful, the getpwuid_r() function shall return zero; otherwise, an error number shall be returned to indicate the error.

CHYBY / ERRORY

The getpwuid() and getpwuid_r() functions may fail if:
EIO
An I/O error has occurred.
EINTR
A signal was caught during getpwuid().
EMFILE
{OPEN_MAX} file descriptors are currently open in the calling process.
ENFILE
The maximum allowable number of files is currently open in the system.
 
The getpwuid_r() function may fail if:
ERANGE
Insufficient storage was supplied via buffer and bufsize to contain the data to be referenced by the resulting passwd structure.
 
The following sections are informative.

PŘÍKLADY POUŽITÍ

Getting an Entry for the Root User

The following example gets the user database entry for the user with user ID 0 (root).
 
#include <sys/types.h> #include <pwd.h> ... uid_t id = 0; struct passwd *pwd;
 
pwd = getpwuid(id);

Finding the Name for the Effective User ID

The following example defines pws as a pointer to a structure of type passwd, which is used to store the structure pointer returned by the call to the getpwuid() function. The geteuid() function shall return the effective user ID of the calling process; this is used as the search criteria for the getpwuid() function. The call to getpwuid() shall return a pointer to the structure containing that user ID value.
 
#include <unistd.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <pwd.h> ... struct passwd *pws; pws = getpwuid(geteuid());

Finding an Entry in the User Database

The following example uses getpwuid() to search the user database for a user ID that was previously stored in a stat structure, then prints out the user name if it is found. If the user is not found, the program prints the numeric value of the user ID for the entry.
 
#include <sys/types.h> #include <pwd.h> #include <stdio.h> ... struct stat statbuf; struct passwd *pwd; ... if ((pwd = getpwuid(statbuf.st_uid)) != NULL) printf(" %-8.8s", pwd->pw_name); else printf(" %-8d", statbuf.st_uid);

APPLICATION USAGE

Three names associated with the current process can be determined: getpwuid( geteuid()) returns the name associated with the effective user ID of the process; getlogin() returns the name associated with the current login activity; and getpwuid( getuid()) returns the name associated with the real user ID of the process.
The getpwuid_r() function is thread-safe and returns values in a user-supplied buffer instead of possibly using a static data area that may be overwritten by each call.

RATIONALE

None.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS

None.

SOUVISEJÍCÍ

getpwnam() , geteuid() , getuid() , getlogin() , the Base Definitions volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, <limits.h>, <pwd.h>, <sys/types.h> Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .
2003 IEEE/The Open Group
©2011-2024 BusinessIT.cz, ISSN 1805-0522 | Názvy použité v textech mohou být ochrannými známkami příslušných vlastníků.
Provozovatel: Bispiral, s.r.o., kontakt: BusinessIT(at)Bispiral.com | Inzerce: Best Online Media, s.r.o., zuzana@online-media.cz
O vydavateli | Pravidla webu BusinessIT.cz a ochrana soukromí | Používáme účetní program Money S3 | pg(9055)